Meningococcal Vaccine: Protection, Risk, Schedule
Ondansetron Injection
Ondansetron Injection Generic Name & Formulations General DescriptionOndansetron (as HCl dihydrate) 2mg/mL; IV or IM inj.
Pharmacological ClassSelective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist.
Mechanism of ActionOndansetron is a selective 5-HT3 receptor antagonist. Serotonin receptors of the 5-HT3 type are present both peripherally on vagal nerve terminals and centrally in the chemoreceptor trigger zone of the area postrema. It is not certain whether ondansetron's antiemetic action is mediated centrally, peripherally, or in both sites. However, cytotoxic chemotherapy appears to be associated with release of serotonin from the enterochromaffin cells of the small intestine.
Ondansetron Injection Indications IndicationsPrevention of nausea and vomiting associated with initial and repeat courses of emetogenic cancer chemotherapy, including high-dose cisplatin. Prevention of post-op nausea and vomiting.
Ondansetron Injection Dosage and Administration AdultChemotherapy (vials must be diluted; see full labeling): >18yrs: Infuse over 15 mins. 0.15mg/kg (max 16mg/dose) IV every 4hrs for 3 doses beginning 30 mins before chemotherapy. Severe hepatic dysfunction: max 8mg/day. Post-op (do not dilute): Infuse in not less than 30 seconds, preferably over 2–5 mins: 4mg IV as single dose immediately before induction of anesthesia; or shortly post-op if nausea or vomiting occurs. Or, may use 4mg IM undiluted as a single injection.
ChildrenChemotherapy (vials must be diluted; see full labeling): Infuse over 15 mins. <6 months: see full labeling. 6 months–18yrs: 0.15mg/kg (max 16mg/dose) IV for 3 doses every 4hrs beginning 30 mins before chemotherapy. Post-op (do not dilute): Infuse in not less than 30 seconds, preferably over 2–5 mins: <1 month: see full labeling. 1 month–12yrs (<40kg): 0.1mg/kg. ≥40kg: 4mg. Give IV as single dose immediately before induction of anesthesia; or shortly post-op if nausea or vomiting occurs.
Ondansetron Injection Contraindications ContraindicationsConcomitant apomorphine.
Ondansetron Injection Boxed WarningsNot Applicable
Ondansetron Injection Warnings/Precautions Warnings/Precautions<4 months of age (monitor closely). Not a substitute for nasogastric suction in gastric or intestinal peristalsis. Congenital long QT syndrome: avoid. Electrolyte abnormalities, CHF, bradyarrhythmias, concomitant drugs that prolong QT: monitor ECG. May mask progressive ileus and/or gastric distention. GI obstruction risk: monitor for decreased bowel activity. Coronary artery spasm. Monitor for myocardial ischemia during and after administration (esp. IV use; do not exceed recommended infusion rate). Phenylketonuria (ODT form). Hepatic dysfunction. Pregnancy. Nursing mothers.
Ondansetron Injection PharmacokineticsSee Literature
Ondansetron Injection Interactions InteractionsSee Contraindications. Profound hypotension, loss of consciousness with apomorphine. Serotonin syndrome possible esp. With concomitant serotonergic drugs (eg, SSRIs, SNRIs, MAOIs, mirtazapine, fentanyl, lithium, tramadol, IV methylene blue). May antagonize tramadol.
Ondansetron Injection Adverse Reactions Adverse ReactionsDiarrhea, headache, fever, constipation, fatigue, transient blindness; serotonin syndrome (discontinue if occurs); rare: angina, bronchospasm, anaphylaxis, seizures, ECG changes (including QT prolongation).
Ondansetron Injection Clinical TrialsSee Literature
Ondansetron Injection Note NotesFormerly known under the brand name Zofran.
Ondansetron Injection Patient CounselingSee Literature
Ondansetron - Indications, Dosage, Side Effects And Precautions
Ondansetron Medication InformationGet detailed information on Ondansetron, including pronunciation, uses, dosage guidelines, indications, and instructions on how and when to take it and when to avoid it.
The updated prescription information on Ondansetron provides an overview of possible side effects, precautions, warnings, and storage tips.
You'll also find brand names used in india and internationally, along with pricing details. For further clarification, consult your healthcare provider.
Generic Name : Ondansetron Pronunciation : on dan' se tron ICD Code : Y43.0 Therapeutic Classification : Antiemetics Trade Names/Brand Names of Ondansetron India : International : Zofran Injection Why is Ondansetron Prescribed? (Indications) This medication is a 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, prescribed for nausea and vomiting caused by cancer chemotherapy, radiation therapy and surgery. It blocks serotonin receptors in the vomiting center and on nerves supplying the digestive system. When should Ondansetron not be taken? (Contraindications) The concomitant use of apomorphine with ondansetron is contraindicated, and known hypersensitivity. What is the dosage of Ondansetron? Oral: Prevention of post-op nausea and vomiting- 16 mg 1 hour before anesthesia.Nausea and vomiting associated with cancer chemotherapy- 24 mg as a single dose 30 minutes before start of single-day chemotherapy.Less emetogenic chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy: 8 mg 2 hour before treatment followed by 8 mg 8-12 hour later. How should Ondansetron be taken? It comes as a tablet, a rapidly disintegrating (dissolving) tablet, and an oral solution to take by mouth, and injection administered intravenously. The first dose of this medication is usually taken 30 minutes before the start of chemotherapy, 1 to 2 hours before the start of radiation therapy, or 1 hour before surgery. Additional doses are sometimes taken one to three times a day during chemotherapy or radiation therapy and for 1 to 2 days after the end of treatment. What are the warnings and precautions for Ondansetron? •It may affect heart rhythm, cause severe liver impairment.Caution needed when used in cardiac diseases, patients who are on medications that can prolong QT or patients with electrolyte abnormalities, during pregnancy and breastfeeding.• It may mask progressive ileus and/or gastric distension. What are the side effects of Ondansetron? Heart- Chest pain, fast heart rate.Central Nervous System- Headache, seizures, dizziness.Skin- Rash.Gastrointestinal- Dry mouth, constipation, abdominal pain.Metabolic- Low potassium in blood, increased level of liver enzymes.Respiratory- Asthma.Genitourinary- Gynecological disorder, urinary retention.Miscellaneous- Fever, anaphylaxis, weakness. What are the other precautions for Ondansetron? Do not change the dose, without consulting with your doctor. What are the storage conditions for Ondansetron? Oral: Oral solution: Store at 15-30 °C. Protect from light. Tablet: Store at 2-30°C.
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