Vaccines for Children: List By Age, Benefits, Safety
Lidocaine Ointment
Lidocaine Ointment Generic Name & Formulations General DescriptionLidocaine 5%; water miscible.
Pharmacological ClassTopical anesthetic.
How SuppliedContact supplier.
Lidocaine Ointment Indications IndicationsAnesthesia of oropharyngeal mucosa. Anesthetic lubricant for endotracheal intubation.
Lidocaine Ointment Dosage and Administration AdultApply up to 6 inches (5g); max 17–20g/day.
Children<10yrs: apply up to 4.5mg/kg; avoid prolonged use or on large areas.
Lidocaine Ointment ContraindicationsNot Applicable
Lidocaine Ointment Boxed WarningsNot Applicable
Lidocaine Ointment Warnings/Precautions Warnings/PrecautionsSepsis. Traumatized mucosa. Severe shock. Heart block. Risk of methemoglobinemia (esp. In G6PD deficiency, congenital or idiopathic methemoglobinemia, cardiac or pulmonary compromise, infants <6 months of age, concurrent exposure to oxidizing agents or metabolites); monitor. Monitor for familial malignant hyperthermia (eg, tachycardia, tachypnea). History of drug sensitivities. Do not eat for 1 hour after oral application. Children, elderly, debilitated, acutely ill: reduce dose. Pregnancy (Cat.B). Nursing mothers.
Lidocaine Ointment PharmacokineticsSee Literature
Lidocaine Ointment Interactions InteractionsIncreased risk of methemoglobinemia when concurrently exposed to nitrates/nitrites, local anesthetics, antineoplastic agents, antibiotics, antimalarials, anticonvulsants, others.
Lidocaine Ointment Adverse Reactions Adverse ReactionsCNS effects (eg, dizziness, visual disturbances, tremor, respiratory depression), bradycardia, hypotension.
Lidocaine Ointment Clinical TrialsSee Literature
Lidocaine Ointment Note NotesFormerly known under the brand name Xylocaine.
Lidocaine Ointment Patient CounselingSee Literature
What Is The Best Over-the-Counter Nerve Pain Medication?
Some over-the-counter (OTC) topical creams, like lidocaine or capsaicin, may be helpful for nerve pain.
Nerve pain is distinct from typical tissue pain. When you have tissue pain, like falling down or getting a cut, your nerves deliver the pain message to your brain.
But when the nerves themselves become irritated or damaged, they become the source of pain. This type of pain can be severe and more difficult to treat.
Nerve pain is typically treated with prescription-strength medications, but some over-the-counter products, primarily topical creams and ointments, can help take the edge off.
Nerve pain can be difficult to treat since it affects the nerve itself. This pain can be quite severe and debilitating, causing numbness, tingling, and stinging.
Still, some OTC options are beneficial if your pain is mild, if you haven't seen a doctor yet, or if it's safely combined with prescription medications.
Lidocaine is a local anesthetic that can be found in the form of creams, gels, sprays, or patches — both OTC and by prescription, depending on its strength. Lidocaine, along with other topical creams, can help treat nerve pain near the skin's surface, a condition called peripheral neuropathy.
Lidocaine provides temporary relief by blocking the transmission of pain signals from the nerves to the brain. Topical lidocaine creams or patches can be applied directly to the affected area, and the numbing effect typically lasts for several hours.
Lidocaine may cause some numbness, tingling, or itchiness at the application site. But contact your doctor if you have one of these more severe side effects:
Capsaicin is what makes chili peppers hot. Capsaicin is believed to ease chronic nerve pain by making your nerves insensitive to pain messages. Like lidocaine, capsaicin comes in several forms, including patches, creams, ointments, and gels.
Some evidence suggests that high-concentration (8%) capsaicin patches (available by prescription) can give at least moderate pain relief to a minority of people with postherpetic neuralgia (a complication of shingles).
Capsaicin cream can cause temporary redness, burning, or pain. Serious problems appear to be uncommon, even with highly concentrated doses.
While CBD (cannabidiol) is considered more of a supplement than a medication, it's worth mentioning because of its potential for relieving neuropathy and its wide availability in vitamin and drug stores.
CBD works by interacting with the body's endocannabinoid system, which regulates pain, inflammation, and other bodily functions. Several forms of CBD can treat nerve pain, including topicals, capsules, oral tinctures, edibles, and inhalable products.
While there are numerous positive anecdotes of people using CBD for nerve pain, there's not much scientific research on humans available, especially with CBD alone (without THC).
In a small 2020 study, 29 people with neuropathy were randomized to receive topical CBD oil or a placebo. After 4 weeks, the CBD group showed a statistically significant reduction in intense or sharp pain and cold and itchy sensations. No adverse side effects were seen in this study.
More research needs to be conducted on larger populations.
Overall, with its low potential for abuse, strong safety profile, and promising findings in animal studies, CBD is an attractive option for pain relief.
It's important to note that CBD can interact with certain medications like blood thinners, heart medications, and immunosuppressants (medications given after organ transplantation).
Menthol is a natural compound found in peppermint that's commonly used in topical pain-relieving products like creams, gels, and sprays.
It works by producing a cooling sensation on the skin, which can help to distract the brain from the sensation of pain and provide temporary relief.
While there's limited research on menthol for neuropathy, a 2015 study found that 1% topical menthol applied twice daily effectively reduced nerve pain.
If your nerve pain is chronic or severe, you'll likely need prescription-strength medications because common OTC medications, like ibuprofen, aspirin, and acetaminophen aren't very effective for nerve pain.
Still, certain OTC topical options, like capsaicin or lidocaine cream, may be helpful if your pain is mild or if you use them along with prescription medications.
It's important to speak with a healthcare professional to determine the underlying cause of your pain and the best treatment option for you.
Lidocaine/prilocaine Cream
Lidocaine/prilocaine Cream Generic Name & Formulations General DescriptionLidocaine 2.5%, prilocaine 2.5%.
Pharmacological ClassTopical anesthetic.
How SuppliedContact supplier
Lidocaine/prilocaine Cream Indications IndicationsTopical anesthetic on normal intact skin for local analgesia or on genital mucous membranes for superficial minor surgery and as pretreatment for infiltration anesthesia.
Lidocaine/prilocaine Cream Dosage and Administration AdultMinor dermal procedures (eg, IV cannulation, venipuncture): apply 2.5g in a thick layer with occlusion over 20–25cm2 for at least 1hr. Major dermal procedures (eg, skin graft harvesting): apply 2g per 10cm2 in a thick layer with occlusion for at least 2hrs. Pretreatment before local anesthetic infiltration on adult male genital skin: apply 1g per 10cm2 in a thick layer with occlusion for 15mins. Minor procedures on female external genitalia (eg, wart removal, local anesthetic infiltration): apply 5–10g in a thick layer for 5–10mins; may occlude to help keep cream in place.
ChildrenIf age and weight are not proportional, base max dose on weight (see full labeling). <37wks gestational age: not recommended. 0–3mos (<5kg): max 1g/10cm2 applied for up to 1hr. 3–12mos (>5kg): max 2g/20cm2 applied for up to 4hrs. 1–6yrs (>10kg): max 10g/100cm2 applied for up to 4hrs. 7–12yrs (≥20kg): max 20g/200cm2 applied for up to 4hrs.
Lidocaine/prilocaine Cream ContraindicationsNot Applicable
Lidocaine/prilocaine Cream Boxed WarningsNot Applicable
Lidocaine/prilocaine Cream Warnings/Precautions Warnings/PrecautionsNot for use near tympanic membrane. Increased risk of methemoglobinemia in G6PD deficiency, congenital/idiopathic methemoglobinemia, cardiac or pulmonary compromise, infants <6mos; monitor and discontinue if occurs. Avoid eyes, open wounds, ingestion, application to large areas, and using for longer than recommended time. Monitor children to prevent accidental ingestion. Severe hepatic disease. Effect on intradermal live vaccines unknown. Acutely ill. Elderly. Debilitated. Pregnancy (Cat.B). Nursing mothers.
Lidocaine/prilocaine Cream PharmacokineticsSee Literature
Lidocaine/prilocaine Cream Interactions Interactions<12mos of age: do not use with methemoglobin-inducing drugs (eg, acetaminophen, sulfonamides, nitrates, phenytoin, phenobarbital, other local anesthetics); caution with these in other patients. Toxicity potentiated by Class I (eg, tocainide, mexiletine) and Class III antiarrhythmics (eg, amiodarone, bretylium, sotalol, dofetilide); monitor.
Lidocaine/prilocaine Cream Adverse Reactions Adverse ReactionsLocal effects (eg, paleness, erythema, changes in temperature sensation, edema, itching).
Lidocaine/prilocaine Cream Clinical TrialsSee Literature
Lidocaine/prilocaine Cream Note NotesFormerly known under the brand name Emla.
Lidocaine/prilocaine Cream Patient CounselingSee Literature
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